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The CompTIA glossary

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Cloud Computing54

Cloud Computing, Database1

Azure SQL Database

Database56

General2

INSERT Parameterized query

Hardware997

+5VSB 10,000 RPM 100BASE-TX 10BASE-T 12V 12VHPWR 15,000 RPM 16x 2.5-inch 20+4 pin connector 220-1201 24-pin 24-pin main board connector 24x 256-QAM 2G 3-pin 3.3V 32-bit 4-pin 4/8-pin 12 V connector 5,400 RPM 5G 5V 5V logic 6-pin PCIe 64-bit 7,200 RPM 75-ohm terminators 8-pin PCIe 80 PLUS Bronze 80 PLUS Gold 80 PLUS Platinum 80 PLUS Silver 80 PLUS Titanium 9-pin A-GPS AC AC adapter AC power AC signals accelerometers access point Accessory connection active stylus ADF Advanced RISC Machine AFC AGP airflow AirPrint Alt Mode alternating current Alternative A Alternative B AM4 AM5 AMD-V analog television signal analog voice signals analog-to-digital converter Angle of Arrival Angled Physical Contact antenna performance APC connector Apple Pay ARM Asymmetric DSL atomic clock attenuation ATX ATX connector ATX12V 2.0 audio jack backlight backplane backward compatibility banding bare-metal hypervisor Barracuda Email Security Gateway base station battery backup unit Battery Efficiency battery-backed cache BBU BD-R BD-RE beep codes Biometric Verification BIOS BIOS update BIOS/UEFI black mark sensor BLE blower fans Blu-ray blue screens Bluetooth Bluetooth 4.0 Bluetooth 5.2 Bluetooth codecs Bluetooth LE Audio Bluetooth Low Energy Bluetooth profiles Bluetooth Tethering BNC bonded display BPSK bridged taps broadcast television buffer burn-in BYOD C rating cable modem cable nodes cable stripper cable television cable tester cache CAM table capacitive sensor capacitive stylus capacitive touch capacitive touch screen capacitive touchscreen capture cards capture devices carriage CAS latency Cat5e Cat6 Category 5e Category 6 Category 6a Category 7 Category 7a Category 8 CCD CCFL CCFL backlight CD CD-R CD-RW CDMA CEC cell site cell tower Cell Tower Triangulation Cellular Data cellular internet cellular radios centrifugal fans channel bonding channel configurations channel width Charge Cycle charge-coupled device Charging chip revision chipset chkdsk Cisco Meraki MX CMG CMOS battery CMOS jumper CMP CMR CMTS CO coax coaxial cable color gamut COM port communication infrastructure community antenna television CompTIA A+console connections console port Contactless Payments controller cache COPE copper line path copper telephone lines copper-based cabling coulomb counting CPE CPU CPU architecture CPU power connector crimper CUPS customer premises equipment cutter area DAC daisy-chaining data bus width data rate Data transfer daughterboard DB25 DB9 DC DC power DC voltage DDR DDR generations DDR2 DDR3 DDR4 DDR5 degraded array Demarc demarcation point desktop computer device drivers Device Manager dial-up modem digital data digital signals Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer digital television digitizer DIMM direct current direct thermal printing direct-lit Discoverable Mode dish antenna Disk Management display burn-in DisplayPort DisplayPort MST distributed file systems docking docking station DOCSIS DOCSIS 3.0 dot matrix printer DP Alt Mode DPI draft mode driver driver control driver issues driver signing drivers drop line DSL DSL Filters DSL modem DSL signal DSL splitter DSL Splitters DSLAM DSSS Dual In-line Memory Module dual SIM Dual-Channel dual-channel memory dual-link dual-slot duplex duplex scanning duplexer DVD DVD-R DVD-RW DVD+R DVD+RW DVI DVI-A DVI-D DVI-I eARC ECC ECC vs. non-ECC RAM edge-lit EDID EIRP electromagnetic field electromagnetic interference electromagnetic resonance (EMR) sensor electromagnetic resonance stylus Electronic Industries Alliance embedded MultiMediaCard embedded systems emergency calls EMI eMMC Ephemeris Data EPS EPS connector EPS12V error correction coding eSATA ESD ESD precautions eSIM Ethernet Ethernet cable Ethernet jack Ethernet surge protector Ethernet switch eUICC exFAT external 2.5-inch hard drives F-connectors F-type F-type connector failover fan curve fault tolerance FC connector feed assembly feed rollers feeder Ferrule Connector FHSS fiber fiber cable Fiber to the Home Fiber to the Node fiber-optic fiber-optic cables fiber-optic technology field devices field-replaceable unit (FRU)FireWire firmware flash management flash memory Flex Cable form factor Fortinet FortiGate frequency-division multiplexing Fresnel zone friction feed front-panel audio header FTTH full backup full-array fully modular power supply gap sensing GB/s Gbps GDI printer general-purpose server geostationary earth orbit Gigabit Ethernet gigabits per second gigabytes per second GPS GPT GPU grayscale ground station ground support equipment GSM Hard Disk Drives (HDDs)hard drive Hardware Security Module HBA HBA mode HDCP HDD HDMI HDR HEAD Healthcare IoT high-refresh high-voltage contacts HMI hot spare hot-swap HSM HSPA+Human Interface Devices (HID)human-machine interface Hyper-Threading hypervisor I/O IC ICCID IDC IEEE IEEE 802.3af IEEE 802.3at iGPU imaging drum impact printer IMSI in-plane switching inductive charging industrial control systems Industrial IoT (IIoT)infrared depth mapping ink cartridge inkjet Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers insulation displacement connectors Intel VT-d Intel VT-x internet appliance internet connection type inverter IOMMU IOPS IoT IP phone IPP (Internet Printing Protocol)IPS glow IR emitter ITX J-mount JPG ka-band Kensington security slot ku-band KVM switch large data transfers latency LC LC connector LCD LED LED backlight LED indicators LED-backlit LCD legacy device legacy systems legacy USB support leo LGA LGA 1200 LGA 1700 light pulses line in line of sight line out line quality liquid cooling liquid crystal display liquid crystals Lithium-ion Lithium-Ion (Li-ion) Batteries Lithium-Ion Polymer (Li-Po) Batteries LNB (Low-Noise Block Downconverter)load balancer Local loop Logic Board logical volume loopback plug loose terminations LoRaWAN low earth orbit LPDDR LPDDR2 LPDDR3 LPDDR4 LPDDR5 Lucent Connector M.2 M.2 drive MAC MAC address Magnetic Field mAh mainframe computers managed switch management interface master terminal unit Max theoretical speed megabits per second memory memory channel memory controller memory effect MFD MFP MHF connector MHz MIC mic in micro-B micro-SIM Micro-USB microATX microchip microfilter microphone array microphone module microprocessors microSD Microsoldering midspan injectors milliampere-hour MIMO Mini DisplayPort connector Mini PCIe mini PCs mini-ITX Mini-LED Mini-USB mirroring mmWave Mobile Hotspot MoCA filter Mode A Mode B modem modem-router modular keyboards modular power supply modulated signal Molex connector Molex-to-SATA power monochrome Mopria motherboard mSATA MT/s MU-MIMO multi-feed multi-gigabit speeds multifunction device multifunction printer multimode fiber multipart paper Multipath Errors multipoint connectivity N+1 redundancy NAND NAND flash memory nano-SIM NAS native driver native resolution Near Field Communication neighborhood cabinets Nest network cabling network device network interface Network Interface Card network interface cards Network Interface Device network printer network printing network switch network tap networking devices NFC NIC Nickel-Cadmium (NiCd) Batteries Nickel-Metal Hydride (NiMH) Batteries NICs NID nits noc noise cancellation non-modular power supply non-removable (internal) batteries Non-Removable (Internal) Battery non-volatile memory NR NVMe NVMe SSD objective 2.7 OFDM oil and gas OLED ONT Operating System Optical Clear Adhesive (OCA)optical equipment optical light signals Optical Network Terminal optical resolution optical sensor optical signals organic light-emitting diode OTG (On-The-Go)outdoor-rated Ethernet output rails Package-on-Package palm rejection panel antenna paper gap adjustment parity partial array self-refresh partition Passkey patch cable patch panel PC connector PCB PCI PCI Express PCIe PCIe auxiliary power connectors PCIe slot PCIEX1 PCIEX16 PCL PCL 5 PCL 6 PCL XL PCs PD PDL PDU Peer-to-Peer Mode performance bottleneck Peripheral Component Interconnect Peripheral Component Interconnect Express PGA Phased-array antenna phone line pickup rollers pigment-based ink pinout pixel density platen platen roller PLCs plug-and-play PoE PoE injector PoE Plus PoE switch PoE+point-of-sale poor-quality cords PoP port 9100 port replicator portable SSDs POS POST PostScript Printer Description power cycling power efficiency Power Good power grid power level Power over Ethernet power sourcing equipment power supply power supply unit powered devices predictive maintenance pressure sensitivity print driver print job print layer print path print port print processor print queue print server print settings Printer Control Language (PCL)printer driver printer memory printer pooling printer share name printer web page printhead privacy shutter PRL programmable logic controllers provider facilities prox card PS_ON PS/2 PSE PSU PSU connectors PUK punch-down blocks punchdown block punchdown tool PWM PWR_OK qam QPSK QR code quad-channel quadrature amplitude modulation radio communication radio frequencies radio frequency radio links radio waves Radio-Frequency Identification RAID RAID 0 RAID 1 RAID 10 RAID 5 RAID 6 RAID controller rain fade RAM Random Access Memory RAW printing RDIMM Read & Execute read/write head Reader/Writer Mode reallocated sectors rear I/O recovery time objective Reduced Instruction Set Computer redundancy Redundant Array of Independent Disks redundant power supply refresh rate region code region coding remote terminal units Removable Battery resistive touch resistive touch screen RF RFID RG-59 RG-6 RG6 RGB RISC RJ-45 RJ11 RJ45 router RPM RS-232 RSSI RTUs S.M.A.R.T.S/PDIF SAN SAS SATA SATA data SATA data cable SATA III SATA power Satellite satellite dish Satellite Geometry satellite links satellite modem SC SC connector SCADA SCADA server scaling screen resolution SD SDHC SDHC-only device SDXC sector radios Secure Boot Secure Element Secure Enclave semi-modular power supply Sensor Fusion sensor grid separation pads Serial (RS-232)Serial cables serial signaling server SFP SFX shared printing shared-bus signal bars SIM SIM card simultaneous multithreading single point of failure single-channel single-link single-mode fiber single-pass duplex ADF single-slot SiP Small Outline DIMM Small Outline Dual Inline Memory Module SMART smart card SMT SNR SO-DIMM SoC SODIMM software RAID soldered memory solid state drive Solid State Drives (SSDs)sound cards Speed Class spindle speed spudgers Square Connector SSD SSP ST ST connector standoffs static pressure status feedback storage Stratum 0 Stratum 1 Stratum 15 Stratum 16 Stratum 2 Stratum 3 striping subpixels Subscriber Connector Subscriber Identity Module superscope surge protection sustained read/write SVM Mode switch swollen battery System-in-Package system-on-a-chip system-on-chip T1 T2 T568A T568B Tachometer TDR tear bar Telecommunications Industry Association telecommunications room telephone company facilities television signals test jack thermal coating thermal pads thermal paste thermal printer thermal runaway thermal throttling thermal transfer printing thin client throughput Thunderbolt Thunderbolt 1 Thunderbolt 2 Thunderbolt 3 Thunderbolt 4 TIA/EIA-568 TIFF tilt detection Time to First Fix time-domain reflectometry Timing Advance TN TN glow toner toner cartridge toner probe TOSLINK touch layer Tower Density TPM TPM 2.0 tractor-feed traffic signals transfer roller transparency mode Trilateration TRIM TRRS Trusted Platform Module TV tuner twisted nematic twisted pair twisted-pair copper cables Type 4 (v4)Type-A Type-B U.2 U.FL connector UDIMM UEFI UEFI update UHS ratings Ultra Physical Contact UNII UNII-1 UNII-2A UNII-2C UNII-3 UNII-5 UNII-6 UNII-7 UNII-8 Universal Flash Storage Universal Print Drivers unmanaged switch UPC connector UPS uptime US Naval Observatory USB USB 2.0 USB 2.0-grade cable USB 3.0 USB 3.0 (USB 3.1 Gen 1)USB 3.1 Gen 2 USB 3.2 USB 3.2 (2x2)USB 3.x USB pass-through USB ports USB standard USB Tethering USB-A USB-C USB-C Alt Mode USB-C connector USB-C OTG adapter USB-C Power Delivery USB-to-Ethernet USB-to-serial adapter USB4 UTM UTP VA VA glow VDSL very small aperture terminal VGA video capture video cards viewing angle virtual CPU virtual disk virtual machines virtualization virtualization host virtualization support VM VM sprawl voice assistant integration voice device voltage regulator voltage regulator modules Volts AC VPN Concentrator VRM VRMs vsat VT-x wall jack wall plates WatchGuard Firebox watt-hour wattage rating Wear Leveling Count Wh whole-house splitter Wi-Fi analyzer Wi-Fi Direct wireless access point wiring closet WLAN module workstation write-back cache write-protect switch write-through mode WWAN card x1 x16 x4 x64 x8 x86 Yagi antenna Z-Wave zero client ZIF ZIF (Zero Insertion Force) connector ZIF connector Zigbee

Network1

header analysis

Networking355

.app 110 block 3G 4G 4G LTE 66 block 802.11 802.11ac 802.11ax 802.11n A record AAAA record ACK ACMA ADSL ADSL2+AFP always-on VPN APC (Angled Physical Contact)API APIPA APN Assisted GPS (A-GPS)authoritative name server auto-discover Auto-MDI-X auto-negotiation Automatic Private IP Addressing backhaul band steering bandwidth bandwidth usage beamforming bridged networking broadband internet broadband service broadcast domain broadcast traffic bufferbloat CalDAV captive portal CardDAV CDMA2000 Cell ID cellular network Central Office CIFS cisco ios client request client-server model CNAME record computer networks CRC errors crossover cable Data cap data caps data packets datagram default gateway destination port destination unreachable dhclient DHCP DHCP relay DHCP relay agent DHCP reservation DHCP server DHCP starvation DHCPACK DHCPDISCOVER DHCPNAK DHCPOFFER DHCPREQUEST dial-up dig Digital Subscriber Line DNS DNS cache DNS hierarchy DNS over HTTPS DNS over TLS DNS propagation DNS resolution DNS server DOCSIS 3.1 Domain Name System downstream downstream communication DSL filter dual standby duplex mismatch Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol Dynamic IP Addressing egress email traffic Ethernet frame ETSI External vSwitch Fast Ethernet FCC fiber internet Fiber to the Building Fiber-optic cable file transfer protocol five-tuple fixed wireless FTP FTTB FTTB (Fiber-to-the-Building)FTTC (Fiber-to-the-Curb)FTTH (Fiber-to-the-Home)FTTN FTTN (Fiber-to-the-Node)FTTP (Fiber-to-the-Premises)FTTx (Fiber-to-the-x)gateway GEO (Geostationary Orbit)GPON (Gigabit Passive Optical Network)handoff handover host-only networking hotspot HSPA HTTP HTTP status codes hybrid fiber-coaxial (HFC)ICMP IEEE 802.11 IMAP IMEI ingress Internal vSwitch Internet Protocol internet protocol networks Internet Protocol version 4 Internet Protocol version 6 Internet Service Provider IP ip address IP configuration IP header IP helper IP-based virtual hosting ipconfig ipconfig /release IPv4 IPv6 ISP jitter keystone jack LAN Layer 2 LC connector (Lucent Connector)lease time leased lines legacy networks LEO (Low Earth Orbit)load balancing algorithm local area network LTE LTE data LTE-Advanced MAC address table MAC filtering MAC learning MAN Mbps Media Access Control mesh networking metered connection Metered Wi-Fi Metro Ethernet millimeter wave MPLS MST MTU multicast MX record NAT neighborhood congestion NetBIOS NetBT netsh network address translation network analyzer network discovery network layer network operations center network outage network path Network Policies network profile Network Technology Network Time Protocol next hop NFS NFSv4 nslookup NTP NTP Pool Project OFDMA OLT (Optical Line Terminal)ONT (Optical Network Terminal)OSI model PAC packet data packet filtering packet loss PAN PAN Profile Passive optical splitter peer-to-peer Personal Area Network ping point-to-multipoint point-to-point Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet PON (Passive Optical Network)POP3 port configuration port flapping port forwarding port mapping port mirroring port number port security POTS PPP PPPoE private IP address Private vSwitch protocol analyzer provider's data network proxy Proxy Auto-Config proxy server PTR record public IP address public network QoS Quality of Service radio access network RADIUS recursive DNS resolver Remote Desktop Protocol remote display protocol roaming rogue DHCP server root DNS server root zone routing routing protocols routing table rural broadband installs satellite internet SC connector (Subscriber Connector)SC/APC SDSL Second-Level Domains Server Message Block share name Simple Network Time Protocol simplex SMB SMB 3.0 SMTP SNMP SNTP source port SPAN SPF record SSID ST connector (Straight Tip)STARTTLS Static IP Addressing STP straight-through cable sub-6 GHz Subdomains subnet subnet mask Symmetric DSL SYN SYN-ACK syslog server TCP TCP header TCP port 1433 TCP/IP telnet Tethering TFTP three-way handshake time.apple.com time.google.com time.windows.com TLD server TLDs tone generator Top-Level Domains traceroute tracert traffic management traffic management systems traffic segmentation transmission control protocol transport layer TTL twisted-pair copper TXT record UDP UDP header UDP port 123 UMTS UNC UNC path Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure UPC (Ultra Physical Contact)upstream upstream communication user datagram protocol VDSL2 Very-high-bit-rate DSL Virtual LAN Virtual Machine virtual network interface card virtual private network virtual switch VLAN vNIC Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP)VoIP VoLTE vSwitch wake-on-LAN WAN Web Proxy Auto-Discovery protocol Wi-Fi Wi-Fi 4 Wi-Fi 5 Wi-Fi 6 Wi-Fi 6E Wi-Fi calling Wi-Fi Hotspot wide area network WiMAX WINS Wireless Internet Service Providers wireless wide area network WISP WLAN WPAD WWAN XGS-PON zone file

Networking, Security1

VPN

Operating Systems68

Programming19

C#C$Dynamic Memory HTML Java JDBC (Java Database Connectivity)JSON managed runtime MDA Node.js operators PHP programming languages PUT Python Ruby state table UTF-8 Windows API

Security151

2FA 3D facial recognition 802.1X 802.1X authentication AAA ABAC access control list admin permissions advanced encryption standard aes anti-malware antivirus app password application control at-rest encryption attachment scanning audit logs Authentication Authorization Biometric Authentication BitLocker blacklist brute force attacks CA CCPA Certificate Authority Certificate-Based Authentication CIS Cisco Email Security compliance checks Conditional access cybersecurity data exfiltration data loss prevention DDoS DDoS attacks defense in depth denial of service device posture directory traversal distributed denial-of-service DKIM DKIM record DLP DMARC DMARC record DNS cache poisoning DNS hijacking DNS spoofing DNS tunneling DNSSEC DoH DoT EAP-TLS Encryption Policies federated identity file hashing Firewall full wipe GDPR HMAC-based One-Time Passwords HOTP HTTPS Identity synchronization IDS/IPS in-transit encryption intrusion detection and prevention IPS jailbreak detection KDC Kerberos malware man-in-the-middle attack mantraps MDM MDM (mobile device management)MFA MFA (multi-factor authentication)Microsoft Defender for Office 365 Microsoft Entra ID Mimecast Mobile Device Management (MDM)monlist command multi-factor authentication network security next-generation firewall NIST NTP amplification attacks OAuth OTP Pass-through authentication Password hash synchronization Password-Based Authentication Patch Tuesday permissions PGP phishing Proofpoint public-key cryptography ransomware RBAC reputation filtering rogue access point root detection rule base S/MIME sandboxing security information and event management selective wipe sender authentication Sender Policy Framework SFTP Sharing permissions shoulder surfing siem signature databases single sign-on SonicWall Sophos UTM spam spam gateway SPF spoofing SQL injection SSH SSL SSL/TLS certificate SSO stateful inspection stateful packet inspection TACACS+TGT time-based attack vectors Time-based One-Time Passwords TLS TLS/SSL Token-Based Authentication TOTP two-factor authentication unified threat management user permissions User principal name virtual TPM VM escape vulnerabilities vulnerability Windows Firewall WPA2 WPA2/WPA3-Enterprise WPA3 XSS

Software100

.dmg .msi ActiveSync Apache HTTP Server APK (Android Package Kit)application virtualization ARC audio codec autodiscover backend server backend system Caddy CM codec Configuration profile connection string connector app container runtime CSV Data Saver DFS differential backup directory indexes distributed systems DLL document root elastic stack emulation end-of-life Exchange ActiveSync EXPO FastCGI feature update file synchronization geofencing Global Address List (GAL)Google Workspace graylog Hyper-V image layer insert mode iOS JPEG known folder backup LDAP LiteSpeed lock contention machine learning mail server management agent Microsoft 365 Microsoft IIS middleware Mobile Device Management mod_php MTA MUA Nginx OCR One-way sync PDC Emulator PDF PDF/A PNG PostScript Presence status print spooler Push synchronization RDP recovery point objective robocopy rsyslog rsyslog.conf Server Manager service-level agreement shared clipboard SharePoint Sideload snapshots splunk spooler service static content syslog syslog collector syslog-ng Two-way sync Type 2 hypervisor VAC Version history vertical alignment Video Class virtual hosting VirtualBox VMDK voice assistants web server windows event collector windows event forwarding Xcode XMP

Storage and I/O1

write layer

Tools1

vim